“The Prince” by Niccolò Machiavelli, written in 1513, is a political treatise offering practical advice on ruling and maintaining power. Often considered one of the most influential works in political theory, it is notable for its realistic, sometimes ruthless approach to leadership. Machiavelli argues that rulers (or “princes”) must be pragmatic and willing to use deceit, manipulation, and brute force when necessary to achieve and maintain power.

He advises that a ruler should prioritize the stability and strength of the state, even if it means acting immorally. Machiavelli famously argues that it is better for a prince to be feared than loved, but he cautions that a ruler should avoid being hated. The work challenges idealistic views of leadership, focusing instead on the harsh realities of political life. Machiavelli’s candid examination of power dynamics has earned “The Prince” a reputation as a key text in understanding realpolitik and statecraft.